12. Java Generics in Page Objects & Test Utilities

Generics in Page Transitions

public class BasePage {
    public <T extends BasePage> T navigateTo(String url, Class<T> pageClass) {
        System.out.println("Navigating to: " + url);
        try {
            return pageClass.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to initialize page: " + pageClass.getName(), e);
        }
    }
}