25. Handling Dynamic Elements, Spinners & Stale References

Handling Spinners & Stale Elements in Python

from selenium.common.exceptions import StaleElementReferenceException
# Wait for spinner disappearance:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
    EC.invisibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".spinner-icon"))
)
# Retry loop for stale element references:
def click_with_retry(driver, locator, max_attempts=3):
    for _ in range(max_attempts):
        try:
            driver.find_element(*locator).click()
            return
        except StaleElementReferenceException:
            pass
    raise RuntimeError(f"Element remained stale: {locator}")